유란시아 책
IV 부. 예수의 생애와 교훈
179:0.1 (1936.1)
DURING the afternoon of this Thursday, when Philip reminded the Master about the approaching Passover and inquired concerning his plans for its celebration, he had in mind the Passover supper which was due to be eaten on the evening of the next day, Friday. It was the custom to begin the preparations for the celebration of the Passover not later than noon of the preceding day. And since the Jews reckoned the day as beginning at sunset, this meant that Saturday’s Passover supper would be eaten on Friday night, sometime before the midnight hour.
179:0.2 (1936.2)
The apostles were, therefore, entirely at a loss to understand the Master’s announcement that they would celebrate the Passover one day early. They thought, at least some of them did, that he knew he would be placed under arrest before the time of the Passover supper on Friday night and was therefore calling them together for a special supper on this Thursday evening. Others thought that this was merely a special occasion which was to precede the regular Passover celebration.
179:0.3 (1936.3)
The apostles knew that Jesus had celebrated other Passovers without the lamb; they knew that he did not personally participate in any sacrificial service of the Jewish system. He had many times partaken of the paschal lamb as a guest, but always, when he was the host, no lamb was served. It would not have been a great surprise to the apostles to have seen the lamb omitted even on Passover night, and since this supper was given one day earlier, they thought nothing of its absence.
179:1.1 (1936.6)
When the apostles had been shown upstairs by John Mark, they beheld a large and commodious chamber, which was completely furnished for the supper, and observed that the bread, wine, water, and herbs were all in readiness on one end of the table. Except for the end on which rested the bread and wine, this long table was surrounded by thirteen reclining couches, just such as would be provided for the celebration of the Passover in a well-to-do Jewish household.
179:1.2 (1936.7)
As the twelve entered this upper chamber, they noticed, just inside the door, the pitchers of water, the basins, and towels for laving their dusty feet; and since no servant had been provided to render this service, the apostles began to look at one another as soon as John Mark had left them, and each began to think within himself, Who shall wash our feet? And each likewise thought that it would not be he who would thus seem to act as the servant of the others.
그들은 주님이 곧 도착할 것이라고 예상했지만, 먼저 앉아있어야 좋을지, 아니면 그가 자리를 지정해 줄 때까지 기다리는 것이 좋을지 몰라서 당황했다. 그들이 망설이고 있을 때, 유다가 주빈석 왼편의 우등석으로 다가갔고, 마치 우선권 있는 손님이라도 되듯이 거기에 기대어 누우려고 했다. 유다의 이런 행동은 즉시 다른 사도들 가운데 흥분된 다툼을 일으켰다. 유다가 우등석을 차지하자마자, 요한 세베대는 주빈석 오른쪽에 그다음으로 중요한 자리에 앉으려고 했다. 시몬 베드로는, 유다와 요한의 이와 같은 자리 선택에 몹시 분이 치밀어서, 화가 난 다른 사도들이 지켜보는 가운데, 식탁을 뚜벅뚜벅 걸어 돌아가서, 요한 세베대가 선택한 자리 반대편의 가장 낮은 자리로 갔다. 다른 사람들이 이미 높은 자리를 차지했으므로, 베드로는 가장 낮은 자리를 선택할 생각을 했으며, 이렇게 한 것은, 단순히 형제들의 보기 흉한 자존심에 대해 항의하려는 것이 아니라, 오히려 예수께서 오실 때, 가장 낮은 자리에 앉아있는 그를 보시고 더 높은 자리로 불러서, 스스로 높아지려한 사람 대신 앉힐 것이라고 희망했기 때문이다.
179:1.4 (1937.2)
They expected the Master to arrive any moment, but they were in a quandary as to whether they should seat themselves or await his coming and depend on him to assign them their places. While they hesitated, Judas stepped over to the seat of honor, at the left of the host, and signified that he intended there to recline as the preferred guest. This act of Judas immediately stirred up a heated dispute among the other apostles. Judas had no sooner seized the seat of honor than John Zebedee laid claim to the next preferred seat, the one on the right of the host. Simon Peter was so enraged at this assumption of choice positions by Judas and John that, as the other angry apostles looked on, he marched clear around the table and took his place on the lowest couch, the end of the seating order and just opposite to that chosen by John Zebedee. Since others had seized the high seats, Peter thought to choose the lowest, and he did this, not merely in protest against the unseemly pride of his brethren, but with the hope that Jesus, when he should come and see him in the place of least honor, would call him up to a higher one, thus displacing one who had presumed to honor himself.
179:1.5 (1937.3)
With the highest and the lowest positions thus occupied, the rest of the apostles chose places, some near Judas and some near Peter, until all were located. They were seated about the U-shaped table on these reclining divans in the following order: on the right of the Master, John; on the left, Judas, Simon Zelotes, Matthew, James Zebedee, Andrew, the Alpheus twins, Philip, Nathaniel, Thomas, and Simon Peter.
179:1.6 (1937.4)
They are gathered together to celebrate, at least in spirit, an institution which antedated even Moses and referred to the times when their fathers were slaves in Egypt. This supper is their last rendezvous with Jesus, and even in such a solemn setting, under the leadership of Judas the apostles are led once more to give way to their old predilection for honor, preference, and personal exaltation.
179:1.8 (1937.6)
They were now ready to begin the supper, except that their feet were still unwashed, and they were in anything but a pleasant frame of mind. When the Master arrived, they were still engaged in making uncomplimentary remarks about one another, to say nothing of the thoughts of some who had sufficient emotional control to refrain from publicly expressing their feelings.
잠시 후에, 주님은 아무 말 없이 자리에 가서 앉았다. 그들을 모두 둘러본 다음, 예수께서는 미소를 지음으로 긴장감을 누그러뜨리면서 말씀했다:“나는 이 유월절 만찬을 너희와 함께 먹기를 무척 고대했다. 나의 때가 가까이 이르렀음을 알기에, 내가 수난당하기 전에 한 번 더 너희와 식사를 같이하고자 했으며, 오늘 밤에 너희와 함께 이 만찬을 나누도록 마련한 것은, 내일 일을 생각할 때, 내가 아버지 뜻을 수행하기 위하여 왔고, 그분의 뜻에 우리 모두를 맡겼기 때문이다. 아버지께서 나를 이 세상으로 보내신 목적을 완수한 후에, 아버지께서 나에게 주실 천국에서 내가 너희와 함께 앉을 때까지, 다시는 너희와 함께 먹지 않을 것이다.”
179:2.1 (1937.7)
For a few moments after the Master had gone to his place, not a word was spoken. Jesus looked them all over and, relieving the tension with a smile, said: “I have greatly desired to eat this Passover with you. I wanted to eat with you once more before I suffered, and realizing that my hour has come, I arranged to have this supper with you tonight, for, as concerns the morrow, we are all in the hands of the Father, whose will I have come to execute. I shall not again eat with you until you sit down with me in the kingdom which my Father will give me when I have finished that for which he sent me into this world.”
179:2.2 (1938.1)
After the wine and the water had been mixed, they brought the cup to Jesus, who, when he had received it from the hand of Thaddeus, held it while he offered thanks. And when he had finished offering thanks, he said: “Take this cup and divide it among yourselves and, when you partake of it, realize that I shall not again drink with you the fruit of the vine since this is our last supper. When we sit down again in this manner, it will be in the kingdom to come.”
예수께서 사도들에게 이렇게 말씀한 것은, 자신의 때가 가까이 이르렀음을 알았기 때문이었다. 그는 아버지께로 돌아가야 할 때가 이르렀다는 것과, 이 땅에서 자신의 업무가 거의 완료됐다는 것을 알았다. 주님은 자신이 아버지의 사랑을 이 땅에 계시하고 그의 자비를 인류에게 나타냈음을 알았으며, 하늘과 땅의 모든 능력과 권세를 받을 만큼, 자신이 이 세상에 온 목적을 완성했다는 것을 알았다. 마찬가지로, 가룟 유다가 그날 밤 그를 적에게 넘겨주기로 온전히 결심한 것도 알았다. 배신하는 이런 밀고{密告} 행위는 유다가 한 일이었지만, 그 일은 오히려, 루시퍼와 사탄 그리고 암흑세계의 왕자인 캘리개스챠를 기쁘게 하는 것임을 잘 알았다. 그러나 그는 자신을 영적으로 전복시키려는 자들을 두려워하지 않았고, 육신을 죽이려는 자들은 더욱 두려워하지 않았다. 주님은 오직 한 가지 염려밖에 없었는데, 그것은 자신이 선택한 제자들의 안전과 구원이었다. 그리하여 주님은, 아버지께서 만유를 주님의 권세 아래 두셨음을 온전히 알고, 이제 형제간의 사랑에 관한 비유를 실행에 옮길 준비를 했다.
179:2.3 (1938.2)
Jesus began thus to talk to his apostles because he knew that his hour had come. He understood that the time had come when he was to return to the Father, and that his work on earth was almost finished. The Master knew he had revealed the Father’s love on earth and had shown forth his mercy to mankind, and that he had completed that for which he came into the world, even to the receiving of all power and authority in heaven and on earth. Likewise, he knew Judas Iscariot had fully made up his mind to deliver him that night into the hands of his enemies. He fully realized that this traitorous betrayal was the work of Judas, but that it also pleased Lucifer, Satan, and Caligastia the prince of darkness. But he feared none of those who sought his spiritual overthrow any more than he feared those who sought to accomplish his physical death. The Master had but one anxiety, and that was for the safety and salvation of his chosen followers. And so, with the full knowledge that the Father had put all things under his authority, the Master now prepared to enact the parable of brotherly love.
유월절 음식의 첫 잔을 마신 후에 주빈이 식탁에서 일어나 손을 씻는 것이 유대인의 관습이었다. 이어서 음식을 먹다가 둘째 잔을 마신 후에, 모든 손님이 마찬가지로 일어나서 손을 씻어야했다. 사도들은 주님이 이렇게 예식절차대로 손 씻는 모습을 한 번도 본 적이 없었으므로, 이 첫 잔을 다 마신 후에 그가 식탁에서 일어나, 물병과 대야와 수건들이 놓여있는 문 쪽으로 조용히 걸어갔기 때문에, 그가 무엇을 하려는지 무척 의아하게 생각했다. 그리고 주님이 겉옷을 벗고 수건을 두른 후에, 발 씻는 대야에 물을 붓기 시작하는 것을 보자, 그들의 호기심은 점차 놀라움으로 변했다. 조금 전에 서로 발 씻어주기를 거절하고, 식탁에서 좋은 자리를 차지하려고 보기 흉하게 다퉜던 이 열두 사람이, 예수께서 시몬 베드로가 앉아있는, 만찬석 가운데 가장 낮은 자리 옆에, 아무도 앉아있지 않은 끝 부분으로 가서, 마치 종과 같은 자세로 무릎 꿇고 시몬의 발을 씻으려 준비하는 것을 봤을 때 얼마나 놀랐을지 상상해보라. 주님이 무릎을 꿇자, 열두 사도는 모두 마치 한 사람처럼 동시에 벌떡 일어섰으며;심지어 배신자 유다도 자신의 비행을 잠시 까맣게 잊고, 이런 놀람과 경의 그리고 대단한 경탄의 표시로 동료 사도들과 함께 일어섰다.
179:3.1 (1938.3)
After drinking the first cup of the Passover, it was the Jewish custom for the host to arise from the table and wash his hands. Later on in the meal and after the second cup, all of the guests likewise rose up and washed their hands. Since the apostles knew that their Master never observed these rites of ceremonial hand washing, they were very curious to know what he intended to do when, after they had partaken of this first cup, he arose from the table and silently made his way over to near the door, where the water pitchers, basins, and towels had been placed. And their curiosity grew into astonishment as they saw the Master remove his outer garment, gird himself with a towel, and begin to pour water into one of the foot basins. Imagine the amazement of these twelve men, who had so recently refused to wash one another’s feet, and who had engaged in such unseemly disputes about positions of honor at the table, when they saw him make his way around the unoccupied end of the table to the lowest seat of the feast, where Simon Peter reclined, and, kneeling down in the attitude of a servant, make ready to wash Simon’s feet. As the Master knelt, all twelve arose as one man to their feet; even the traitorous Judas so far forgot his infamy for a moment as to arise with his fellow apostles in this expression of surprise, respect, and utter amazement.
일어났던 시몬 베드로는, 쳐다보는 주님의 얼굴을 내려다봤다. 예수께서는 아무 말씀도 하지 않았으며;그렇게 할 필요가 없었다. 그의 태도는 시몬 베드로의 발을 정말로 씻고자 한다는 것을 확실히 나타냈다. 육신의 유혹에 약했음에도, 베드로는 주님을 사랑했다. 이 갈릴리 어부는 예수의 신성을 전심으로 믿으면서 그 믿음을 온전하게 공개적으로 고백한 첫 사람이었다. 베드로는, 그후로 주님의 신성한 본성을 결코 의심하지 않았다. 베드로는 진심으로 예수를 존경하고 공경했기 때문에, 자기 앞에서 천한 종 같은 태도로 무릎을 꿇고, 마치 종이 하는 것처럼 자기 발을 씻으려는 예수의 의도에 화가 난 것은 당연했다. 이윽고 주님께 말씀 드릴 수 있을 만큼 정신을 차리자, 베드로는 동료 사도 역시 똑같이 마음에 느끼고 있는 생각을 말했다.
179:3.2 (1938.4)
There stood Simon Peter, looking down into the upturned face of his Master. Jesus said nothing; it was not necessary that he should speak. His attitude plainly revealed that he was minded to wash Simon Peter’s feet. Notwithstanding his frailties of the flesh, Peter loved the Master. This Galilean fisherman was the first human being wholeheartedly to believe in the divinity of Jesus and to make full and public confession of that belief. And Peter had never since really doubted the divine nature of the Master. Since Peter so revered and honored Jesus in his heart, it was not strange that his soul resented the thought of Jesus’ kneeling there before him in the attitude of a menial servant and proposing to wash his feet as would a slave. When Peter presently collected his wits sufficiently to address the Master, he spoke the heart feelings of all his fellow apostles.
179:3.3 (1939.1)
After a few moments of this great embarrassment, Peter said, “Master, do you really mean to wash my feet?” And then, looking up into Peter’s face, Jesus said: “You may not fully understand what I am about to do, but hereafter you will know the meaning of all these things.” Then Simon Peter, drawing a long breath, said, “Master, you shall never wash my feet!” And each of the apostles nodded their approval of Peter’s firm declaration of refusal to allow Jesus thus to humble himself before them.
179:3.4 (1939.2)
The dramatic appeal of this unusual scene at first touched the heart of even Judas Iscariot; but when his vainglorious intellect passed judgment upon the spectacle, he concluded that this gesture of humility was just one more episode which conclusively proved that Jesus would never qualify as Israel’s deliverer, and that he had made no mistake in the decision to desert the Master’s cause.
그들 모두 숨을 죽이고 놀라면서 서있을 때 예수께서 말씀했다:“베드로야, 내가 분명히 말하는데, 내가 너의 발을 씻지 않는다면, 너는 내가 이루고자 하는 일에 나와 함께 할 수 없을 것이다.” 이 말씀을 들은 베드로는, 예수께서 자기 발 앞에서 계속 무릎 꿇고 있을 것이라는 사실을 깨닫고, 자신이 존경하고 사랑하는 분의 소망에 순종한다는 맹목적인 묵인을 여러 번 했던대로, 이번에도 그렇게 하기로 결심했다. 이런 계획된 봉사를 실행하심에는, 주님의 업적과 관련하여 사람의 미래를 좌우하는 어떤 의미가 첨부됐을 것이라는 생각이 시몬 베드로에게 점점 분명하게 되자, 그는 예수께 자기 발을 씻으시도록 허락하기로 체념했을 뿐만 아니라, 자신의 특질대로 그리고 성급한 태도로, “주님, 그렇다면 내 발뿐 아니라 손과 머리까지도 씻어주십시오”라고 말했다.
179:3.5 (1939.3)
As they all stood there in breathless amazement, Jesus said: “Peter, I declare that, if I do not wash your feet, you will have no part with me in that which I am about to perform.” When Peter heard this declaration, coupled with the fact that Jesus continued kneeling there at his feet, he made one of those decisions of blind acquiescence in compliance with the wish of one whom he respected and loved. As it began to dawn on Simon Peter that there was attached to this proposed enactment of service some signification that determined one’s future connection with the Master’s work, he not only became reconciled to the thought of allowing Jesus to wash his feet but, in his characteristic and impetuous manner, said: “Then, Master, wash not my feet only but also my hands and my head.”
179:3.6 (1939.4)
As the Master made ready to begin washing Peter’s feet, he said: “He who is already clean needs only to have his feet washed. You who sit with me tonight are clean—but not all. But the dust of your feet should have been washed away before you sat down at meat with me. And besides, I would perform this service for you as a parable to illustrate the meaning of a new commandment which I will presently give you.”
179:3.7 (1939.5)
In like manner the Master went around the table, in silence, washing the feet of his twelve apostles, not even passing by Judas. When Jesus had finished washing the feet of the twelve, he donned his cloak, returned to his place as host, and after looking over his bewildered apostles, said:
“내가 너희에게 무엇을 했는지 정말로 이해하느냐? 너희는 나를 주님이라고 부르는데, 내가 정말 그러하니, 너희가 옳게 말했다. 그러므로, 그 주님이 너희의 발을 씻었다면, 너희도 기꺼이 서로 발을 씻어주지 못할 이유가 무엇이냐? 형제가 서로에게 해주기를 꺼려하는 그 봉사를 주님은 아주 기꺼이 베풀었다는 이 비유에서, 너희는 무엇을 배워야하겠느냐? 진실로 진실로 너희에게 말하는데:종은 주인보다 크지 못하며;보냄 받은 자는 보낸 자보다 크지 못하다. 너희 가운데서 지낸 나의 삶에서, 봉사하는 방법을 너희가 봤고, 호의적으로 그렇게 봉사하는 용기를 갖게 될 너희는 복되다. 그러나 영적 천국에서 큰 자가 되는 비결은 물질 세계에서 권력을 얻는 방법과 다르다는 것을, 너희는 왜 그토록 더디 깨닫느냐?
179:3.8 (1939.6)
“Do you really understand what I have done to you? You call me Master, and you say well, for so I am. If, then, the Master has washed your feet, why was it that you were unwilling to wash one another’s feet? What lesson should you learn from this parable in which the Master so willingly does that service which his brethren were unwilling to do for one another? Verily, verily, I say to you: A servant is not greater than his master; neither is one who is sent greater than he who sends him. You have seen the way of service in my life among you, and blessed are you who will have the gracious courage so to serve. But why are you so slow to learn that the secret of greatness in the spiritual kingdom is not like the methods of power in the material world?
“오늘 밤에 내가 이 방에 들어올 때, 너희는 서로 발 씻어주기를 거만하게 거절한 것으로도 만족하지 못하고, 오히려 내 식탁에서 누가 높은 자리에 앉을 것인지, 서로 다퉜음이 분명하다. 그런 명예는 바리새인과 이 세상 자녀들이나 찾는 것이고, 하늘나라의 대사는 그렇게 해서는 안 된다. 내 식탁에는 높고 낮은 자리가 없다는 것을 모르겠느냐? 내가 너희 각 사람을 다른 사람과 똑같이 사랑한다는 것을 이해하지 못하겠느냐? 나의 바로 옆자리는, 사람이 높은 자리라고 알고 있는 것과는 달리, 하늘 나라에서 너희 지위와는 아무 상관이 없다는 것을 모르겠느냐? 이방의 왕들은 그 백성 위에 군림하고, 한편 이 권세 행사하는 자들을 때때로 은혜 베푸는 이라고 부르는 것을 너희도 안다. 그러나 하늘 나라에서는 그렇지 않다. 너희 가운데 높아지려는 자는 아랫사람이 돼야하고;최고책임자가 되려는 자는 남을 섬기는 사람이 돼야한다. 식탁에 앉은 자와 시중드는 자, 둘 중에 누가 더 높으냐? 식탁에 앉은 자를 대개 더 높게 여기지 않으냐? 그러나 너희는, 내가 시중드는 자로서 너희와 함께 있음을 보게 될 것이다. 너희가 아버지 뜻을 행하는 데 나와 함께 기꺼이 종이 되고자 한다면, 너희는 앞으로 이뤄질 천국에서 나와 함께 권능의 자리에 앉고, 장차 영광 속에서 여전히 아버지 뜻을 행하게 될 것이다.”
179:3.9 (1940.1)
“When I came into this chamber tonight, you were not content proudly to refuse to wash one another’s feet, but you must also fall to disputing among yourselves as to who should have the places of honor at my table. Such honors the Pharisees and the children of this world seek, but it should not be so among the ambassadors of the heavenly kingdom. Do you not know that there can be no place of preferment at my table? Do you not understand that I love each of you as I do the others? Do you not know that the place nearest me, as men regard such honors, can mean nothing concerning your standing in the kingdom of heaven? You know that the kings of the gentiles have lordship over their subjects, while those who exercise this authority are sometimes called benefactors. But it shall not be so in the kingdom of heaven. He who would be great among you, let him become as the younger; while he who would be chief, let him become as one who serves. Who is the greater, he who sits at meat, or he who serves? Is it not commonly regarded that he who sits at meat is the greater? But you will observe that I am among you as one who serves. If you are willing to become fellow servants with me in doing the Father’s will, in the kingdom to come you shall sit with me in power, still doing the Father’s will in future glory.”
사도들은 잠시 아무 말 없이 음식을 먹었으나, 주님의 유쾌한 행동에 영향을 받아서 곧 대화를 나누게 됐고, 오래지 않아서, 평상시와 똑같이 아무 일 없었던 것처럼, 특별한 행사에 걸맞은 쾌활하고 화합하는 분위기에서 식사가 진행됐다. 시간이 조금 흘러 두 번째 음식 순서가 반쯤 지났을 때, 예수께서 그들을 둘러보면서 말씀했다:“내가 이 만찬을 너희와 함께 나누게 되기를 얼마나 고대했는지 너희에게 이미 말했으며, 악한 어둠의 권세가 사람의 아들을 죽이기로 어떻게 음모를 꾸미고 있는지 알았고, 내일 밤 이 시간에는 내가 너희와 함께 있지 않을 것이기 때문에, 유월절 하루 전날인 오늘, 아무도 모르는 이 방에서 너희와 함께 만찬을 나누기로 결정했다. 너희에게 다시 말하는데, 나는 아버지께로 돌아가야 한다. 이제 나의 때가 이르렀지만, 너희 가운데 아무도 나를 적들의 손에 넘겨줄 필요가 없었다.”
179:4.1 (1940.3)
For some minutes the apostles ate in silence, but under the influence of the Master’s cheerful demeanor they were soon drawn into conversation, and ere long the meal was proceeding as if nothing out of the ordinary had occurred to interfere with the good cheer and social accord of this extraordinary occasion. After some time had elapsed, in about the middle of this second course of the meal, Jesus, looking them over, said: “I have told you how much I desired to have this supper with you, and knowing how the evil forces of darkness have conspired to bring about the death of the Son of Man, I determined to eat this supper with you in this secret chamber and a day in advance of the Passover since I will not be with you by this time tomorrow night. I have repeatedly told you that I must return to the Father. Now has my hour come, but it was not required that one of you should betray me into the hands of my enemies.”
열두 사도는 이 말씀을 듣자, 발 씻는 비유와 이어진 주님의 강론 때문에 자기-주장과 자기-확신을 이미 모두 잃어버렸으므로, 서로 바라보고 당황한 목소리로 더듬거리면서, “그게 나입니까?”라고 물었다. 그들이 모두 그렇게 질문한 후에, 예수께서 말씀했다:“내가 아버지께로 가는 것은 필연적인 일이지만, 너희 가운데 하나가 아버지 뜻을 이루려고 배신자가 돼야 할 필요는 없었다. 이것은, 전심으로 진리를 사랑하지 못한 자의 마음 속에 감춰진 악에서 나오는 당연한 열매다. 영적인 몰락을 가져오는 지적 자존심은 얼마나 사람의 눈을 속이기 쉬운지! 여러 해 동안 내 친구였던 자가, 지금 나와 함께 빵을 먹으면서도, 기꺼이 나를 팔게 될 것인데, 그가 지금 나와 함께 그릇에 손을 넣었다.
179:4.2 (1940.4)
When the twelve heard this, having already been robbed of much of their self-assertiveness and self-confidence by the parable of the feet washing and the Master’s subsequent discourse, they began to look at one another while in disconcerted tones they hesitatingly inquired, “Is it I?” And when they had all so inquired, Jesus said: “While it is necessary that I go to the Father, it was not required that one of you should become a traitor to fulfill the Father’s will. This is the coming to fruit of the concealed evil in the heart of one who failed to love the truth with his whole soul. How deceitful is the intellectual pride that precedes the spiritual downfall! My friend of many years, who even now eats my bread, will be willing to betray me, even as he now dips his hand with me in the dish.”
예수께서 그렇게 말씀하자, 그들은 모두, “그게 나입니까?”라고 다시 묻기 시작했다. 예수께서는 나물이 들어있는 그릇에 빵을 담그면서, 유다를 손으로 가리키고, “네가 말했다”고 말씀했다. 그러나 다른 사람들은 예수께서 유다에게 말씀하는 것을 듣지 못했다. 예수의 오른 편에 기대고 있던 요한이, 더 가까이 기대면서 주님께 물었다:“그게 누구입니까? 맡은 책임에 충실치 않은 것이 드러난 자를 우리가 알아야겠습니다.” 예수께서 대답했다:“내가 이미 너희에게 말했고, 내가 빵 조각을 준 그에게도 말했다.” 그러나 주빈이 빵 조각을 왼편 옆에 앉은 사람에게 주는 것은 너무나 자연스런 일이었으므로, 주님이 아주 분명하게 말씀했음에도 이것을 눈치 채는 자가 아무도 없었다. 그러나 유다는 자신의 행동과 관련된 주님의 말씀의 의미를 고통스럽게 인식했고, 자기가 배반자임을 형제들이 지금 알게 될까봐 두려워졌다.
179:4.3 (1940.5)
And when Jesus had thus spoken, they all began again to ask, “Is it I?” And as Judas, sitting on the left of his Master, again asked, “Is it I?” Jesus, dipping the bread in the dish of herbs, handed it to Judas, saying, “You have said.” But the others did not hear Jesus speak to Judas. John, who reclined on Jesus’ right hand, leaned over and asked the Master: “Who is it? We should know who it is that has proved untrue to his trust.” Jesus answered: “Already have I told you, even he to whom I gave the sop.” But it was so natural for the host to give a sop to the one who sat next to him on the left that none of them took notice of this, even though the Master had so plainly spoken. But Judas was painfully conscious of the meaning of the Master’s words associated with his act, and he became fearful lest his brethren were likewise now aware that he was the betrayer.
예수께서는 그들의 속삭임을 제지하면서 말씀했다:“이런 악이 일어날 수밖에 없으니 내가 슬프며, 진리의 능력이 악의 속임수를 이기기를 이 순간까지도 기대했지만, 그런 승리는, 진리를 진지하게 사랑하는 신앙 없이는 이뤄질 수 없다. 이것을 우리의 이 마지막 만찬 자리에서 너희에게 말하려하지 않았으나, 이런 유감스런 일을 너희에게 경고해서, 이제 우리에게 일어나는 일에 대비시키기 원한다. 내가 이것을 너희에게 말하는 것은, 내가 떠난 후에, 내가 이 모든 악한 음모를 알았고, 나를 배반하는 것에 대해 너희에게 미리 경고했음이 너희에게 생각나게 하기 위해서다. 그리고 내가 이렇게 하는 것은, 오직 바로 앞에 놓인 유혹과 시험에 대비하여, 너희로 힘을 얻게 하기 위해서다.”
179:4.5 (1941.2)
Jesus brought their whisperings to an end by saying: “I sorrow that this evil should have come to pass and hoped even up to this hour that the power of truth might triumph over the deceptions of evil, but such victories are not won without the faith of the sincere love of truth. I would not have told you these things at this, our last supper, but I desire to warn you of these sorrows and so prepare you for what is now upon us. I have told you of this because I desire that you should recall, after I have gone, that I knew about all these evil plottings, and that I forewarned you of my betrayal. And I do all this only that you may be strengthened for the temptations and trials which are just ahead.”
179:4.6 (1941.3)
When Jesus had thus spoken, leaning over toward Judas, he said: “What you have decided to do, do quickly.” And when Judas heard these words, he arose from the table and hastily left the room, going out into the night to do what he had set his mind to accomplish. When the other apostles saw Judas hasten off after Jesus had spoken to him, they thought he had gone to procure something additional for the supper or to do some other errand for the Master since they supposed he still carried the bag.
179:4.7 (1941.4)
Jesus now knew that nothing could be done to keep Judas from turning traitor. He started with twelve—now he had eleven. He chose six of these apostles, and though Judas was among those nominated by his first-chosen apostles, still the Master accepted him and had, up to this very hour, done everything possible to sanctify and save him, even as he had wrought for the peace and salvation of the others.
179:4.8 (1941.5)
This supper, with its tender episodes and softening touches, was Jesus’ last appeal to the deserting Judas, but it was of no avail. Warning, even when administered in the most tactful manner and conveyed in the most kindly spirit, as a rule, only intensifies hatred and fires the evil determination to carry out to the full one’s own selfish projects, when love is once really dead.
179:5.1 (1941.6)
As they brought Jesus the third cup of wine, the “cup of blessing,” he arose from the couch and, taking the cup in his hands, blessed it, saying: “Take this cup, all of you, and drink of it. This shall be the cup of my remembrance. This is the cup of the blessing of a new dispensation of grace and truth. This shall be to you the emblem of the bestowal and ministry of the divine Spirit of Truth. And I will not again drink this cup with you until I drink in new form with you in the Father’s eternal kingdom.”
179:5.2 (1942.1)
The apostles all sensed that something out of the ordinary was transpiring as they drank of this cup of blessing in profound reverence and perfect silence. The old Passover commemorated the emergence of their fathers from a state of racial slavery into individual freedom; now the Master was instituting a new remembrance supper as a symbol of the new dispensation wherein the enslaved individual emerges from the bondage of ceremonialism and selfishness into the spiritual joy of the brotherhood and fellowship of the liberated faith sons of the living God.
179:5.3 (1942.2)
When they had finished drinking this new cup of remembrance, the Master took up the bread and, after giving thanks, broke it in pieces and, directing them to pass it around, said: “Take this bread of remembrance and eat it. I have told you that I am the bread of life. And this bread of life is the united life of the Father and the Son in one gift. The word of the Father, as revealed in the Son, is indeed the bread of life.” When they had partaken of the bread of remembrance, the symbol of the living word of truth incarnated in the likeness of mortal flesh, they all sat down.
이 기념 만찬을 제정하면서, 주님은 늘 하던대로 비유와 상징을 사용했다. 주님이 상징을 이용한 것은, 후대의 사람이 정확한 해석을 덧붙이고 자신의 말에 대해 한정적 의미를 부과하는 일을 어렵게 하는 방법을 통해서, 어떤 위대한 영적 진리를 가르쳐주고 싶었기 때문이다. 그는 이런 방법으로, 이어지는 세대에 전통과 교리로 이뤄진 죽은 굴레가 자신의 영적 의미들을 묶어버리고 자신의 가르침을 정형화하는 것을 막으려고 했다. 예수께서는, 자신의 전{全} 생애 사역과 관련하여 유일한 예식 또는 성례{聖禮}를 설립하는 동안, 직접 정확한 정의를 내리기보다는, 자신의 의도를 제안하려고 무척 애썼다. 각 개인이 신과 교류한다는 개념이, 정밀한 형식을 설립함으로 말미암아 파괴되는 것을 원치 않았으며;형식으로 그 개념을 속박함으로써 신자의 영적 심상{心像}을 제한하게 되는 것도 원치 않았다. 오히려 다시 태어난 사람의 혼이, 새롭고 생생한 영적 해방이라는 즐거운 날개로 자유로이 날도록 하려고 애썼다.
179:5.4 (1942.3)
In instituting this remembrance supper, the Master, as was always his habit, resorted to parables and symbols. He employed symbols because he wanted to teach certain great spiritual truths in such a manner as to make it difficult for his successors to attach precise interpretations and definite meanings to his words. In this way he sought to prevent successive generations from crystallizing his teaching and binding down his spiritual meanings by the dead chains of tradition and dogma. In the establishment of the only ceremony or sacrament associated with his whole life mission, Jesus took great pains to suggest his meanings rather than to commit himself to precise definitions. He did not wish to destroy the individual’s concept of divine communion by establishing a precise form; neither did he desire to limit the believer’s spiritual imagination by formally cramping it. He rather sought to set man’s reborn soul free upon the joyous wings of a new and living spiritual liberty.
179:5.5 (1942.4)
Notwithstanding the Master’s effort thus to establish this new sacrament of the remembrance, those who followed after him in the intervening centuries saw to it that his express desire was effectively thwarted in that his simple spiritual symbolism of that last night in the flesh has been reduced to precise interpretations and subjected to the almost mathematical precision of a set formula. Of all Jesus’ teachings none have become more tradition-standardized.
179:5.6 (1942.5)
This supper of remembrance, when it is partaken of by those who are Son-believing and God-knowing, does not need to have associated with its symbolism any of man’s puerile misinterpretations regarding the meaning of the divine presence, for upon all such occasions the Master is really present. The remembrance supper is the believer’s symbolic rendezvous with Michael. When you become thus spirit-conscious, the Son is actually present, and his spirit fraternizes with the indwelling fragment of his Father.
179:5.7 (1942.6)
After they had engaged in meditation for a few moments, Jesus continued speaking: “When you do these things, recall the life I have lived on earth among you and rejoice that I am to continue to live on earth with you and to serve through you. As individuals, contend not among yourselves as to who shall be greatest. Be you all as brethren. And when the kingdom grows to embrace large groups of believers, likewise should you refrain from contending for greatness or seeking preferment between such groups.”
179:5.9 (1943.2)
When Jesus had thus established the supper of the remembrance, he said to the eleven: “And as often as you do this, do it in remembrance of me. And when you do remember me, first look back upon my life in the flesh, recall that I was once with you, and then, by faith, discern that you shall all sometime sup with me in the Father’s eternal kingdom. This is the new Passover which I leave with you, even the memory of my bestowal life, the word of eternal truth; and of my love for you, the outpouring of my Spirit of Truth upon all flesh.”