유란시아 책
III 부. 유란시아의 역사
63:0.1 (711.1)
URANTIA was registered as an inhabited world when the first two human beings—the twins—were eleven years old, and before they had become the parents of the first-born of the second generation of actual human beings. And the archangel message from Salvington, on this occasion of formal planetary recognition, closed with these words:
63:0.3 (711.3)
Andon is the Nebadon name which signifies “the first Fatherlike creature to exhibit human perfection hunger.” Fonta signifies “the first Sonlike creature to exhibit human perfection hunger.” Andon and Fonta never knew these names until they were bestowed upon them at the time of fusion with their Thought Adjusters. Throughout their mortal sojourn on Urantia they called each other Sonta-an and Sonta-en, Sonta-an meaning “loved by mother,” Sonta-en signifying “loved by father.” They gave themselves these names, and the meanings are significant of their mutual regard and affection.
63:1.1 (711.4)
In many respects, Andon and Fonta were the most remarkable pair of human beings that have ever lived on the face of the earth. This wonderful pair, the actual parents of all mankind, were in every way superior to many of their immediate descendants, and they were radically different from all of their ancestors, both immediate and remote.
63:1.2 (711.5)
The parents of this first human couple were apparently little different from the average of their tribe, though they were among its more intelligent members, that group which first learned to throw stones and to use clubs in fighting. They also made use of sharp spicules of stone, flint, and bone.
63:1.3 (711.6)
While still living with his parents, Andon had fastened a sharp piece of flint on the end of a club, using animal tendons for this purpose, and on no less than a dozen occasions he made good use of such a weapon in saving both his own life and that of his equally adventurous and inquisitive sister, who unfailingly accompanied him on all of his tours of exploration.
63:1.4 (711.7)
The decision of Andon and Fonta to flee from the Primates tribes implies a quality of mind far above the baser intelligence which characterized so many of their later descendants who stooped to mate with their retarded cousins of the simian tribes. But their vague feeling of being something more than mere animals was due to the possession of personality and was augmented by the indwelling presence of the Thought Adjusters.
63:2.1 (712.1)
After Andon and Fonta had decided to flee northward, they succumbed to their fears for a time, especially the fear of displeasing their father and immediate family. They envisaged being set upon by hostile relatives and thus recognized the possibility of meeting death at the hands of their already jealous tribesmen. As youngsters, the twins had spent most of their time in each other’s company and for this reason had never been overly popular with their animal cousins of the Primates tribe. Nor had they improved their standing in the tribe by building a separate, and a very superior, tree home.
63:2.3 (712.3)
They had already prepared a crude treetop retreat some half-day’s journey to the north. This was their secret and safe hiding place for the first day away from the home forests. Notwithstanding that the twins shared the Primates’ deathly fear of being on the ground at nighttime, they sallied forth shortly before nightfall on their northern trek. While it required unusual courage for them to undertake this night journey, even with a full moon, they correctly concluded that they were less likely to be missed and pursued by their tribesmen and relatives. And they safely made their previously prepared rendezvous shortly after midnight.
63:2.4 (712.4)
On their northward journey they discovered an exposed flint deposit and, finding many stones suitably shaped for various uses, gathered up a supply for the future. In attempting to chip these flints so that they would be better adapted for certain purposes, Andon discovered their sparking quality and conceived the idea of building fire. But the notion did not take firm hold of him at the time as the climate was still salubrious and there was little need of fire.
가을이 되어 해가 점점 낮게 떴고, 그들이 북쪽으로 이동함에 따라, 밤공기가 점점 서늘해졌다. 그들은 체온 유지를 위해 이미 동물 가죽을 사용할 수밖에 없었다. 집에서 떠난 지 한 달이 못됐을 때, 안돈은 부싯돌로 불을 피울 수 있으리라는 생각을 짝에게 내비쳤다. 부싯돌의 불꽃으로 불을 피우려고 두 달 동안 애썼으나 번번이 실패했다. 날마다 부싯돌을 마찰시켰고, 나무에 불을 붙이려고 애썼다. 마침내, 어느 날 저녁 해질 무렵에, 버려진 새 둥지를 손에 넣으려고 훤타가 근처의 나무 위로 기어 올라갔을 때, 불을 붙이는 기법의 비밀이 풀리게 됐다. 둥지는 건조한 상태였고 불이 쉽게 붙을 수 있었으며, 불꽃을 계속 튀겨서 그 위에 떨어뜨리자, 어느 순간에 온전히 불이 붙게 됐다. 성공했다는 사실에 너무 놀라고 당황해서 불을 거의 꺼뜨릴 뻔했지만, 적당한 땔감을 더해서 불이 꺼지지 않게 했고, 온 인류의 조상인 그들은 그때부터 처음으로 땔감을 찾기 시작했다.
63:2.5 (712.5)
But the autumn sun was getting lower in the sky, and as they journeyed northward, the nights grew cooler and cooler. Already they had been forced to make use of animal skins for warmth. Before they had been away from home one moon, Andon signified to his mate that he thought he could make fire with the flint. They tried for two months to utilize the flint spark for kindling a fire but only met with failure. Each day this couple would strike the flints and endeavor to ignite the wood. Finally, one evening about the time of the setting of the sun, the secret of the technique was unraveled when it occurred to Fonta to climb a near-by tree to secure an abandoned bird’s nest. The nest was dry and highly inflammable and consequently flared right up into a full blaze the moment the spark fell upon it. They were so surprised and startled at their success that they almost lost the fire, but they saved it by the addition of suitable fuel, and then began the first search for firewood by the parents of all mankind.
63:2.6 (712.6)
This was one of the most joyous moments in their short but eventful lives. All night long they sat up watching their fire burn, vaguely realizing that they had made a discovery which would make it possible for them to defy climate and thus forever to be independent of their animal relatives of the southern lands. After three days’ rest and enjoyment of the fire, they journeyed on.
63:2.7 (712.7)
The Primates ancestors of Andon had often replenished fire which had been kindled by lightning, but never before had the creatures of earth possessed a method of starting fire at will. But it was a long time before the twins learned that dry moss and other materials would kindle fire just as well as birds’ nests.
63:3.1 (713.1)
It was almost two years from the night of the twins’ departure from home before their first child was born. They named him Sontad; and Sontad was the first creature to be born on Urantia who was wrapped in protective coverings at the time of birth. The human race had begun, and with this new evolution there appeared the instinct properly to care for the increasingly enfeebled infants which would characterize the progressive development of mind of the intellectual order as contrasted with the more purely animal type.
63:3.2 (713.2)
Andon and Fonta had nineteen children in all, and they lived to enjoy the association of almost half a hundred grandchildren and half a dozen great-grandchildren. The family was domiciled in four adjoining rock shelters, or semicaves, three of which were interconnected by hallways which had been excavated in the soft limestone with flint tools devised by Andon’s children.
63:3.3 (713.3)
These early Andonites evinced a very marked clannish spirit; they hunted in groups and never strayed very far from the homesite. They seemed to realize that they were an isolated and unique group of living beings and should therefore avoid becoming separated. This feeling of intimate kinship was undoubtedly due to the enhanced mind ministry of the adjutant spirits.
63:3.4 (713.4)
Andon and Fonta labored incessantly for the nurture and uplift of the clan. They lived to the age of forty-two, when both were killed at the time of an earthquake by the falling of an overhanging rock. Five of their children and eleven grandchildren perished with them, and almost a score of their descendants suffered serious injuries.
63:3.5 (713.5)
Upon the death of his parents, Sontad, despite a seriously injured foot, immediately assumed the leadership of the clan and was ably assisted by his wife, his eldest sister. Their first task was to roll up stones to effectively entomb their dead parents, brothers, sisters, and children. Undue significance should not attach to this act of burial. Their ideas of survival after death were very vague and indefinite, being largely derived from their fantastic and variegated dream life.
63:4.1 (713.7)
Primitive man—the Andonites—had black eyes and a swarthy complexion, something of a cross between yellow and red. Melanin is a coloring substance which is found in the skins of all human beings. It is the original Andonic skin pigment. In general appearance and skin color these early Andonites more nearly resembled the present-day Eskimo than any other type of living human beings. They were the first creatures to use the skins of animals as a protection against cold; they had little more hair on their bodies than present-day humans.
이런 초기 사람의 동물 선조가 누렸던 부족 생활은 수많은 사회관례의 전조{前兆}가 됐으며, 이 존재들의 감정이 확장되고 두뇌 능력이 발전되면서, 곧 사회 조직이 발달됐고, 새로운 종류의 씨족 공동 노동 단위가 발달됐다. 그들은 흉내를 무척 잘 냈지만, 놀이 본능은 아주 약간 발달될 정도였고, 유머 감각은 거의 전무했다. 원시인은 이따금 미소를 짓기는 했으나, 쾌활하게 웃는 법이 없었다. 유머는 후대의 아담 인종이 물려준 유산이었다. 이 초기 인간은 고통에 별로 민감하지 못했을 뿐만 아니라, 나중에 진화된 많은 필사자의 경우와는 달리, 불쾌한 환경에 대해 별로 반응하지 않았다. 훤타와 그 직계 자손에게, 출산은 고통스럽거나 괴로운 체험이 아니었다.
63:4.2 (713.8)
The tribal life of the animal ancestors of these early men had foreshadowed the beginnings of numerous social conventions, and with the expanding emotions and augmented brain powers of these beings, there was an immediate development in social organization and a new division of clan labor. They were exceedingly imitative, but the play instinct was only slightly developed, and the sense of humor was almost entirely absent. Primitive man smiled occasionally, but he never indulged in hearty laughter. Humor was the legacy of the later Adamic race. These early human beings were not so sensitive to pain nor so reactive to unpleasant situations as were many of the later evolving mortals. Childbirth was not a painful or distressing ordeal to Fonta and her immediate progeny.
63:4.3 (714.1)
They were a wonderful tribe. The males would fight heroically for the safety of their mates and their offspring; the females were affectionately devoted to their children. But their patriotism was wholly limited to the immediate clan. They were very loyal to their families; they would die without question in defense of their children, but they were not able to grasp the idea of trying to make the world a better place for their grandchildren. Altruism was as yet unborn in the human heart, notwithstanding that all of the emotions essential to the birth of religion were already present in these Urantia aborigines.
63:4.4 (714.2)
These early men possessed a touching affection for their comrades and certainly had a real, although crude, idea of friendship. It was a common sight in later times, during their constantly recurring battles with the inferior tribes, to see one of these primitive men valiantly fighting with one hand while he struggled on, trying to protect and save an injured fellow warrior. Many of the most noble and highly human traits of subsequent evolutionary development were touchingly foreshadowed in these primitive peoples.
63:4.6 (714.4)
Before the extensive dispersion of the Andonic clans a well-developed language had evolved from their early efforts to intercommunicate. This language continued to grow, and almost daily additions were made to it because of the new inventions and adaptations to environment which were developed by these active, restless, and curious people. And this language became the word of Urantia, the tongue of the early human family, until the later appearance of the colored races.
63:4.7 (714.5)
As time passed, the Andonic clans grew in number, and the contact of the expanding families developed friction and misunderstandings. Only two things came to occupy the minds of these peoples: hunting to obtain food and fighting to avenge themselves against some real or supposed injustice or insult at the hands of the neighboring tribes.
63:4.8 (714.6)
Family feuds increased, tribal wars broke out, and serious losses were sustained among the very best elements of the more able and advanced groups. Some of these losses were irreparable; some of the most valuable strains of ability and intelligence were forever lost to the world. This early race and its primitive civilization were threatened with extinction by this incessant warfare of the clans.
63:4.9 (714.7)
It is impossible to induce such primitive beings long to live together in peace. Man is the descendant of fighting animals, and when closely associated, uncultured people irritate and offend each other. The Life Carriers know this tendency among evolutionary creatures and accordingly make provision for the eventual separation of developing human beings into at least three, and more often six, distinct and separate races.
63:5.3 (715.3)
These Andonic tribes were the early river dwellers of France; they lived along the river Somme for tens of thousands of years. The Somme is the one river unchanged by the glaciers, running down to the sea in those days much as it does today. And that explains why so much evidence of the Andonic descendants is found along the course of this river valley.
63:5.4 (715.4)
These aborigines of Urantia were not tree dwellers, though in emergencies they still betook themselves to the treetops. They regularly dwelt under the shelter of overhanging cliffs along the rivers and in hillside grottoes which afforded a good view of the approaches and sheltered them from the elements. They could thus enjoy the comfort of their fires without being too much inconvenienced by the smoke. They were not really cave dwellers either, though in subsequent times the later ice sheets came farther south and drove their descendants to the caves. They preferred to camp near the edge of a forest and beside a stream.
63:5.5 (715.5)
They very early became remarkably clever in disguising their partially sheltered abodes and showed great skill in constructing stone sleeping chambers, dome-shaped stone huts, into which they crawled at night. The entrance to such a hut was closed by rolling a stone in front of it, a large stone which had been placed inside for this purpose before the roof stones were finally put in place.
63:5.6 (715.6)
The Andonites were fearless and successful hunters and, with the exception of wild berries and certain fruits of the trees, lived exclusively on flesh. As Andon had invented the stone ax, so his descendants early discovered and made effective use of the throwing stick and the harpoon. At last a tool-creating mind was functioning in conjunction with an implement-using hand, and these early humans became highly skillful in the fashioning of flint tools. They traveled far and wide in search of flint, much as present-day humans journey to the ends of the earth in quest of gold, platinum, and diamonds.
63:6.1 (715.8)
As the Andonic dispersion extended, the cultural and spiritual status of the clans retrogressed for nearly ten thousand years until the days of Onagar, who assumed the leadership of these tribes, brought peace among them, and for the first time, led all of them in the worship of the “Breath Giver to men and animals.”
63:6.2 (716.1)
Andon’s philosophy had been most confused; he had barely escaped becoming a fire worshiper because of the great comfort derived from his accidental discovery of fire. Reason, however, directed him from his own discovery to the sun as a superior and more awe-inspiring source of heat and light, but it was too remote, and so he failed to become a sun worshiper.
안돈족속은 --천둥, 번개, 비, 눈, 우박, 얼음 등의-- 자연 현상에 대한 경외심을 일찍부터 키웠다. 그러나 이런 초기 시대에는 굶주림이 끊임없이 반복됐고, 주로 동물을 먹었으므로, 그들은 결국 동물숭배 형태로 진화했다. 안돈에게, 더 큰 식용 동물은 창조적 힘과 몸을 보호하는 능력의 상징이었다. 때로는, 이런 몸집 큰 여러 종류의 동물을 숭배 대상으로 지정하는 것이 관습이 되기도 했다. 특정한 동물이 인기를 끄는 동안, 그 동물의 투박한 윤곽선이 동굴 벽에 그려졌고, 후대에는 기술이 점차 발전되어, 그런 동물 신{神}이 여러 장신구{裝身具}에 새겨졌다.
63:6.3 (716.2)
The Andonites early developed a fear of the elements—thunder, lightning, rain, snow, hail, and ice. But hunger was the constantly recurring urge of these early days, and since they largely subsisted on animals, they eventually evolved a form of animal worship. To Andon, the larger food animals were symbols of creative might and sustaining power. From time to time it became the custom to designate various of these larger animals as objects of worship. During the vogue of a particular animal, crude outlines of it would be drawn on the walls of the caves, and later on, as continued progress was made in the arts, such an animal god was engraved on various ornaments.
안돈 민족은 아주 일찍부터, 부족이 공경하는 동물의 고기를 먹지 못하게 하는 관습을 형성했다. 마침내 그들은, 젊은이들에게 더 적절한 감동을 주기 위하여, 공경하고 있는 이 동물 가운데 한 마리를 잡아서 숭배하는 예식{禮式}을 개발했으며;아주 후대에는, 이런 원시적 실행이 자기 후손을 제물로 바치는, 더 공들인 예식으로 발전했다. 이것이 기원이 되어, 숭배의 한 부분으로 희생제물을 바치게 됐다. 그리고 이 관념을 모세가 히브리 제례식에 정교하게 도입했고, 이론상으로는, 사도 바울이 “피흘림”으로 말미암아 속죄 받는다는 교리로 유지시켰다.
63:6.4 (716.3)
Very early the Andonic peoples formed the habit of refraining from eating the flesh of the animal of tribal veneration. Presently, in order more suitably to impress the minds of their youths, they evolved a ceremony of reverence which was carried out about the body of one of these venerated animals; and still later on, this primitive performance developed into the more elaborate sacrificial ceremonies of their descendants. And this is the origin of sacrifices as a part of worship. This idea was elaborated by Moses in the Hebrew ritual and was preserved, in principle, by the Apostle Paul as the doctrine of atonement for sin by “the shedding of blood.”
오나가는 현 카스피해가 위치한 지역의 고대 지중해 북쪽 해안에 있는, 오반이라고 불리는 정착지에 본부를 설치했는데, 이곳은 메소포타미아 남쪽 땅에서 북쪽으로 나 있는 여행로가 서쪽으로 방향이 바뀌는 곳에 있는 체류지였다. 그는 오반에서 멀리 떨어진 정착지들로 선생들을 보내서, 자신이 새로 세운 유일{唯一} 신격 교리와 내세{來世} 개념을 전파하려했고, 내세를 위대한 저 세상이라고 불렀다. 오나가가 보낸 이 사자{使者}들은 이 세상에서 첫 번째 선교사였으며;고기를 익혀 먹은, 정기적으로 불을 사용하여 음식을 마련하는 첫 사람들이었다. 그들은 고기를 막대기 끝에 꿰서 익히거나 달궈진 돌 위에 익혔으며;나중에는 불 속에 큰 덩어리로 굽기도 했지만, 그들의 후손은 날고기를 먹는 상태로 거의 한결같이 되돌아갔다.
63:6.7 (716.6)
Onagar maintained headquarters on the northern shores of the ancient Mediterranean in the region of the present Caspian Sea at a settlement called Oban, the tarrying place on the westward turning of the travel trail leading up northward from the Mesopotamian southland. From Oban he sent out teachers to the remote settlements to spread his new doctrines of one Deity and his concept of the hereafter, which he called the Great Beyond. These emissaries of Onagar were the world’s first missionaries; they were also the first human beings to cook meat, the first regularly to use fire in the preparation of food. They cooked flesh on the ends of sticks and also on hot stones; later on they roasted large pieces in the fire, but their descendants almost entirely reverted to the use of raw flesh.
오나가는 (서기 1934년으로부터) 983,323년 전에 태어났고, 69세까지 살았다. 행성 왕자 이전 시대에 가장 뛰어난 정신적 영적 지도자였던 이 사람의 업적에 대한 기록은, 이 원시 민족이 실제 사회를 형성한 엄청난 이야기를 전해준다. 그는 효과적인 부족 정부를 설립했는데, 그 뒤로 수천 년 동안 이런 모습은 다시 이뤄지지 못했다. 행성 왕자가 도착할 때까지, 그런 고도의 영적 문명은 이 지구상에서 다시 이룩되지 못했다. 단순한 이 사람들은, 원시적이기는 하지만 실제적인 종교를 가졌으나, 그들의 퇴화된 후손은 그것을 계승하지 못했다.
63:6.8 (716.7)
Onagar was born 983,323 years ago (from a.d. 1934), and he lived to be sixty-nine years of age. The record of the achievements of this master mind and spiritual leader of the pre-Planetary Prince days is a thrilling recital of the organization of these primitive peoples into a real society. He instituted an efficient tribal government, the like of which was not attained by succeeding generations in many millenniums. Never again, until the arrival of the Planetary Prince, was there such a high spiritual civilization on earth. These simple people had a real though primitive religion, but it was subsequently lost to their deteriorating descendants.
63:7.1 (717.2)
Andon and Fonta, the splendid founders of the human race, received recognition at the time of the adjudication of Urantia upon the arrival of the Planetary Prince, and in due time they emerged from the regime of the mansion worlds with citizenship status on Jerusem. Although they have never been permitted to return to Urantia, they are cognizant of the history of the race they founded. They grieved over the Caligastia betrayal, sorrowed because of the Adamic failure, but rejoiced exceedingly when announcement was received that Michael had selected their world as the theater for his final bestowal.
63:7.3 (717.4)
Andon and Fonta, shortly after their arrival on Jerusem, received permission from the System Sovereign to return to the first mansion world to serve with the morontia personalities who welcome the pilgrims of time from Urantia to the heavenly spheres. And they have been assigned indefinitely to this service. They sought to send greetings to Urantia in connection with these revelations, but this request was wisely denied them.