유란시아 책
IV 부. 예수의 생애와 교훈
Paper 138
Training the Kingdom’s Messengers
Training the Kingdom’s Messengers
Sections
- Introduction
- § 1. Final Instructions
- § 2. Choosing the Six
- § 3. The Call of Matthew and Simon
- § 4. The Call of the Twins
- § 5. The Call of Thomas and Judas
- § 6. The Week of Intensive Training
- § 7. Another Disappointment
- § 8. First Work of the Twelve
- § 9. Five Months of Testing
- § 10. Organization of the Twelve
“천국”을 주제로 설교한 후 그날 오후에, 예수께서는 여섯 사도를 불러 모으고, 갈릴리 바다 주변 성읍들을 방문하려는 계획을 비로소 알려줬다. 동생 야고보와 유다는 이 회담에 부름 받지 못했으므로 기분이 몹시 상했다. 그들은 이때까지 예수의 핵심 동역자에 자신들도 속한다고 생각했다. 그러나 예수께서는, 가까운 친족을 이 천국 사도 지휘자 대원에 포함시키지 않기로 계획했다. 선택된 소수에서 야고보와 유다를 제외시킨 이 일은, 가나에서 체험한 후로 줄곧 어머니를 멀리하는 듯한 태도와 함께, 예수와 그 가족 사이의 거리를 계속-멀어지게 하는 시발점이었다. 이런 상황은 공적 직무를 수행하는 동안 계속됐고--곧 그들은 그를 배척하다시피 했고--, 이 불화는 그의 죽음과 부활 이후까지도 온전히 없어지지는 않았다. 그의 어머니는, 동요하는 신앙과 희망의 태도, 그리고 증대되는 실망과 창피함과 절망의 감정들 사이에서 계속 갈팡질팡했다. 단지 막내 룻만이 가장인-오빠에게 흔들리지 않는 충성심을 보였다.
138:0.1 (1538.1)
AFTER preaching the sermon on “The Kingdom,” Jesus called the six apostles together that afternoon and began to disclose his plans for visiting the cities around and about the Sea of Galilee. His brothers James and Jude were very much hurt because they were not called to this conference. Up to this time they had regarded themselves as belonging to Jesus’ inner circle of associates. But Jesus planned to have no close relatives as members of this corps of apostolic directors of the kingdom. This failure to include James and Jude among the chosen few, together with his apparent aloofness from his mother ever since the experience at Cana, was the starting point of an ever-widening gulf between Jesus and his family. This situation continued throughout his public ministry—they very nearly rejected him—and these differences were not fully removed until after his death and resurrection. His mother constantly wavered between attitudes of fluctuating faith and hope, and increasing emotions of disappointment, humiliation, and despair. Only Ruth, the youngest, remained unswervingly loyal to her father-brother.
이튿날, 서기 26년 6월 23일 일요일에, 예수께서는 여섯 사람에게 최종 지시를 내렸다. 둘씩 짝 지어 나가서 천국의 희소식을 가르치라고 명했다. 세례 주는 것을 금했고, 공개적인 설교를 하지 말라고 충고했다. 나중에는 그들이 대중 앞에서 설교하도록 허락하겠으나, 당분간은 여러 이유로, 동포와 개인적으로 접촉하면서 실질적 체험을 획득하기 바란다고 설명했다. 예수께서는 그들의 첫 여행이 전적으로 개인 업무가 되도록 의도했다. 그의 이런 발표가 사도들을 실망시키기는 했어도, 예수께서 그런 식으로 천국 선포를 시작하는 이유를 적어도 부분적으로나마 알았으므로, 그들은 원기왕성하게 자신만만한 의욕을 품고 출발했다. 이들을 둘씩 짝 지어 보냈는데, 야고보와 요한은 케레사로, 안드레와 베드로는 가버나움으로, 빌립과 나다니엘은 타리키아로 갔다.
138:1.1 (1538.3)
The next day, Sunday, June 23, a.d. 26, Jesus imparted his final instructions to the six. He directed them to go forth, two and two, to teach the glad tidings of the kingdom. He forbade them to baptize and advised against public preaching. He went on to explain that later he would permit them to preach in public, but that for a season, and for many reasons, he desired them to acquire practical experience in dealing personally with their fellow men. Jesus purposed to make their first tour entirely one of personal work. Although this announcement was something of a disappointment to the apostles, still they saw, at least in part, Jesus’ reason for thus beginning the proclamation of the kingdom, and they started out in good heart and with confident enthusiasm. He sent them forth by twos, James and John going to Kheresa, Andrew and Peter to Capernaum, while Philip and Nathaniel went to Tarichea.
예수께서는 그들이 이 첫 두 주간 봉사를 시작하기 전에, 자신이 떠난 후 천국의 일을 계속할 열두 사도를 임명하기 원한다고 그들에게 발표했고, 전에 전도된 자들 가운데서 한 사람씩, 입안된 사도 단체 회원으로 선정하도록 그들 각자에게 위임했다. 요한이 큰 소리로 물었다:“그러나 주님, 우리는 요단에서부터 주님과 계속 함께 했고, 천국을 위한 우리의 첫 책무인 이 일을 준비하면서 당신의 모든 가르침을 들어왔는데, 이 여섯 사람도 우리와 한 무리가 되고 모든 것을 똑같이 나누게 됩니까?” 그러자 예수께서 대답했다:“그렇다 요한아, 너희가 선택할 사람들은 우리와 하나가 될 것이고, 내가 너희에게 가르쳤던 것처럼, 너희가 그들에게 천국에 관한 모든 것을 가르칠 것이다.” 그렇게 말씀한 후, 예수께서 그들로부터 떠났다.
138:1.2 (1538.4)
Before they began this first two weeks of service, Jesus announced to them that he desired to ordain twelve apostles to continue the work of the kingdom after his departure and authorized each of them to choose one man from among his early converts for membership in the projected corps of apostles. John spoke up, asking: “But, Master, will these six men come into our midst and share all things equally with us who have been with you since the Jordan and have heard all your teaching in preparation for this, our first labor for the kingdom?” And Jesus replied: “Yes, John, the men you choose shall become one with us, and you will teach them all that pertains to the kingdom, even as I have taught you.” After thus speaking, Jesus left them.
여섯 사람은, 각자 새 사도를 한 명씩 선택해야한다는 예수의 지시에 대해 토론하면서 많은 의견 교환을 마치기까지, 일하러 가지 않고 모여 있었다. 그들은 결국 안드레의 조언을 받아들였고, 각자 일하려고 떠났다. 안드레가 말한 내용은 다음과 같았다:“주님이 옳다;이 일을 감당하기에 우리 인원이 부족하다. 선생들이 더 필요한데, 이 여섯 새 사도를 선택하도록 우리에게 맡길 만큼, 주님께서 우리를 대단히 신임하시고 있음이 분명하다.” 그들이 일하러 가려고 헤어지던 이날 아침에, 각자의 마음에는 드러내지 않은 약간의 침울함이 깃들어있었다. 그들은 곧 예수를 보고 싶어지게 될 것을 알았으며, 두렵고 겁이 나기도 했지만, 이런 방식으로 하늘 나라가 시작되리라고는 상상하지도 못했다.
138:1.3 (1539.1)
The six did not separate to go to their work until they had exchanged many words in discussion of Jesus’ instruction that each of them should choose a new apostle. Andrew’s counsel finally prevailed, and they went forth to their labors. In substance Andrew said: “The Master is right; we are too few to encompass this work. There is need for more teachers, and the Master has manifested great confidence in us inasmuch as he has intrusted us with the choosing of these six new apostles.” This morning, as they separated to go to their work, there was a bit of concealed depression in each heart. They knew they were going to miss Jesus, and besides their fear and timidity, this was not the way they had pictured the kingdom of heaven being inaugurated.
138:1.4 (1539.2)
It had been arranged that the six were to labor for two weeks, after which they were to return to the home of Zebedee for a conference. Meantime Jesus went over to Nazareth to visit with Joseph and Simon and other members of his family living in that vicinity. Jesus did everything humanly possible, consistent with his dedication to the doing of his Father’s will, to retain the confidence and affection of his family. In this matter he did his full duty and more.
138:2.1 (1539.4)
This first missionary tour of the six was eminently successful. They all discovered the great value of direct and personal contact with men. They returned to Jesus more fully realizing that, after all, religion is purely and wholly a matter of personal experience. They began to sense how hungry were the common people to hear words of religious comfort and spiritual good cheer. When they assembled about Jesus, they all wanted to talk at once, but Andrew assumed charge, and as he called upon them one by one, they made their formal reports to the Master and presented their nominations for the six new apostles.
138:2.2 (1539.5)
Jesus, after each man had presented his selection for the new apostleships, asked all the others to vote upon the nomination; thus all six of the new apostles were formally accepted by all of the older six. Then Jesus announced that they would all visit these candidates and give them the call to service.
138:2.9 (1540.2)
6. Judas Iscariot was an only son of wealthy Jewish parents living in Jericho. He had become attached to John the Baptist, and his Sadducee parents had disowned him. He was looking for employment in these regions when Jesus’ apostles found him, and chiefly because of his experience with finances, Nathaniel invited him to join their ranks. Judas Iscariot was the only Judean among the twelve apostles.
138:2.10 (1540.3)
Jesus spent a full day with the six, answering their questions and listening to the details of their reports, for they had many interesting and profitable experiences to relate. They now saw the wisdom of the Master’s plan of sending them out to labor in a quiet and personal manner before the launching of their more pretentious public efforts.
138:3.1 (1540.4)
The next day Jesus and the six went to call upon Matthew, the customs collector. Matthew was awaiting them, having balanced his books and made ready to turn the affairs of his office over to his brother. As they approached the toll house, Andrew stepped forward with Jesus, who, looking into Matthew’s face, said, “Follow me.” And he arose and went to his house with Jesus and the apostles.
138:3.2 (1540.5)
Matthew told Jesus of the banquet he had arranged for that evening, at least that he wished to give such a dinner to his family and friends if Jesus would approve and consent to be the guest of honor. And Jesus nodded his consent. Peter then took Matthew aside and explained that he had invited one Simon to join the apostles and secured his consent that Simon be also bidden to this feast.
138:3.3 (1540.6)
After a noontide luncheon at Matthew’s house they all went with Peter to call upon Simon the Zealot, whom they found at his old place of business, which was now being conducted by his nephew. When Peter led Jesus up to Simon, the Master greeted the fiery patriot and only said, “Follow me.”
138:3.4 (1540.7)
They all returned to Matthew’s home, where they talked much about politics and religion until the hour of the evening meal. The Levi family had long been engaged in business and tax gathering; therefore many of the guests bidden to this banquet by Matthew would have been denominated “publicans and sinners” by the Pharisees.
138:3.5 (1540.8)
In those days, when a reception-banquet of this sort was tendered a prominent individual, it was the custom for all interested persons to linger about the banquet room to observe the guests at meat and to listen to the conversation and speeches of the men of honor. Accordingly, most of the Capernaum Pharisees were present on this occasion to observe Jesus’ conduct at this unusual social gathering.
만찬이 진행됨에 따라서, 참여한 사람들의 기쁨은 절정의 흥겨움에 도달했고, 모든 사람이 그렇게 유쾌한 시간을 지내고 있었는데, 이를 주시하던 바리새인은, 예수께서 그토록 낙천적이고 속편하게 행사에 참여하는 것에 대해 마음 속으로 비난하기 시작했다. 그날 밤 늦게, 그들이 대화를 나누고 있을 때, 악의가 가득한 바리새인 하나가 예수의 행동에 대해 베드로에게 비난했다:“세리와 죄인들과 함께 먹으면서 경망스럽게 쾌락에 빠지는 그런 자리에 참석하는 이 사람을 가리켜, 너는 어떻게 감히 의로운 사람이라고 말할 수 있는가.” 예수께서 모인 사람들에게 작별하면서 축복의 말씀을 하기 직전에, 베드로가 이런 비난의 말을 예수께 귓속말로 전했다. 예수께서 비로소 입을 열고 말씀했다:“마태와 시몬을 우리 공동체로 환영해 맞으려고 오늘 이 자리에 왔는데, 너희가 즐겁고 서로 흥겨워하는 것을 보니 내가 기쁘지만, 하늘 나라의 좋은 것들을 더 풍성히 즐기게 될, 도래하는 영의 나라로 들어가는 입구를 너희 가운데 많은 사람이 발견하게 되리니, 너희는 더 많이 환호해야한다. 그리고 내가 이 친구들과 함께 즐거워하는 것을 보고, 마음 속으로 비난하면서 서 있는 너희에게 말하는데, 나는 사회적으로 짓밟힌 자들에게 기쁨을, 도덕적으로 포로 된 자들에게 영적 해방을 선포하러 왔다. 건강한 자에게는 의사가 필요 없고, 오히려 병든 자에게 필요하다고 내가 다시 말해야 되겠느냐? 나는 의인이 아니라 죄인을 부르러 왔다.”
138:3.6 (1540.9)
As the dinner progressed, the joy of the diners mounted to heights of good cheer, and everybody was having such a splendid time that the onlooking Pharisees began, in their hearts, to criticize Jesus for his participation in such a lighthearted and carefree affair. Later in the evening, when they were making speeches, one of the more malignant of the Pharisees went so far as to criticize Jesus’ conduct to Peter, saying: “How dare you to teach that this man is righteous when he eats with publicans and sinners and thus lends his presence to such scenes of careless pleasure making.” Peter whispered this criticism to Jesus before he spoke the parting blessing upon those assembled. When Jesus began to speak, he said: “In coming here tonight to welcome Matthew and Simon to our fellowship, I am glad to witness your lightheartedness and social good cheer, but you should rejoice still more because many of you will find entrance into the coming kingdom of the spirit, wherein you shall more abundantly enjoy the good things of the kingdom of heaven. And to you who stand about criticizing me in your hearts because I have come here to make merry with these friends, let me say that I have come to proclaim joy to the socially downtrodden and spiritual liberty to the moral captives. Need I remind you that they who are whole need not a physician, but rather those who are sick? I have come, not to call the righteous, but sinners.”
138:3.7 (1541.1)
And truly this was a strange sight in all Jewry: to see a man of righteous character and noble sentiments mingling freely and joyously with the common people, even with an irreligious and pleasure-seeking throng of publicans and reputed sinners. Simon Zelotes desired to make a speech at this gathering in Matthew’s house, but Andrew, knowing that Jesus did not want the coming kingdom to become confused with the Zealots’ movement, prevailed upon him to refrain from making any public remarks.
138:4.1 (1541.3)
On the morrow all nine of them went by boat over to Kheresa to execute the formal calling of the next two apostles, James and Judas the twin sons of Alpheus, the nominees of James and John Zebedee. The fisherman twins were expecting Jesus and his apostles and were therefore awaiting them on the shore. James Zebedee presented the Master to the Kheresa fishermen, and Jesus, gazing on them, nodded and said, “Follow me.”
그들이 함께 지내던 그날 오후에, 예수께서는 축제 모임에 참가하는 것에 대해 그들에게 충분히 지시하면서, 이렇게 말씀을 마무리했다:“모든 사람이 내 형제다. 하늘에 계신 내 아버지께서는 우리가 만든 어떤 피조물도 무시하지 않으신다. 하늘 나라는 모든 남녀에게 열려있다. 거기에 들어가려고 애쓸지도 모르는 어떤 굶주린 혼 앞에서든지, 아무도 자비의 문을 닫아서는 안 된다. 우리는 천국에 대하여 듣고자하는 모든 사람과 함께 식탁에 앉을 것이다. 하늘에 계신 우리 아버지께서 사람을 내려다보실 때, 저희 모두 똑같다. 따라서 바리새인이나 죄인, 사두개인이나 세리, 로마인이나 유대인, 부자나 가난한 자, 자유자나 묶인 자와 함께 먹기를 거절하지 말라. 천국 문은 진리를 알고자하고 하나님을 찾고자하는 모두에게 활짝 열려있다.”
138:4.2 (1541.4)
That afternoon, which they spent together, Jesus fully instructed them concerning attendance upon festive gatherings, concluding his remarks by saying: “All men are my brothers. My Father in heaven does not despise any creature of our making. The kingdom of heaven is open to all men and women. No man may close the door of mercy in the face of any hungry soul who may seek to gain an entrance thereto. We will sit at meat with all who desire to hear of the kingdom. As our Father in heaven looks down upon men, they are all alike. Refuse not therefore to break bread with Pharisee or sinner, Sadducee or publican, Roman or Jew, rich or poor, free or bond. The door of the kingdom is wide open for all who desire to know the truth and to find God.”
138:4.3 (1541.5)
That night at a simple supper at the Alpheus home, the twin brothers were received into the apostolic family. Later in the evening Jesus gave his apostles their first lesson dealing with the origin, nature, and destiny of unclean spirits, but they could not comprehend the import of what he told them. They found it very easy to love and admire Jesus but very difficult to understand many of his teachings.
어부 도마와 방랑자 유다는, 어선{漁船}들이 정박하는 타리키아에서 예수와 사도들을 만났고, 도마는 그 일행을 근처에 있는 자기 집으로 안내했다. 이때 빌립이, 자기가 사도로 추천한 도마를 소개했고, 나다니엘은 유대지방 사람인 가룟 유다를 역시 정중하게 소개했다. 예수께서는 도마를 바라보면서 말씀했다:“도마야, 너는 신앙이 부족하지만;그럼에도 너를 받아들이겠다. 나를 따르라.” 주님은 가룟 유다에게 말씀했다:“유다야, 우리는 모두 한 몸이고, 이제 나는 너를 우리 가운데 받아들이겠는데, 갈릴리 형제들에게 항상 충성하게 되기 바란다. 나를 따르라.”
138:5.1 (1542.2)
Thomas the fisherman and Judas the wanderer met Jesus and the apostles at the fisher-boat landing at Tarichea, and Thomas led the party to his near-by home. Philip now presented Thomas as his nominee for apostleship and Nathaniel presented Judas Iscariot, the Judean, for similar honors. Jesus looked upon Thomas and said: “Thomas, you lack faith; nevertheless, I receive you. Follow me.” To Judas Iscariot the Master said: “Judas, we are all of one flesh, and as I receive you into our midst, I pray that you will always be loyal to your Galilean brethren. Follow me.”
그들이 기운을 차리자, 예수께서는 열두 사도를 얼마동안 따로 데리고 가서 함께 기도하고, 거룩한 영의 본성과 활동에 관해서 그들에게 가르쳤으나, 그가 가르치려고 애쓴 그 놀라운 진리의 의미를, 그들은 이번에도 거의 납득하지 못했다. 한 사람은 한 면을 파악하고, 다른 사람은 다른 한 면을 납득했으나, 그들 가운데 아무도 그의 가르침 전체를 포용할 수 없었다. 그들은 항상, 자신이 지닌 종교 신념의 옛 형식에 예수의 새 복음을 끼워 맞추려는 실수를 범하곤 했다. 예수께서 새 구원의 복음을 선포하고, 하나님을 찾아가는 새 길을 설립하러 왔다는 관념을 파악할 수 없었으며;그가 바로 하늘에 계신 아버지의 새 계시였음을 감지하지 못했다.
138:5.2 (1542.3)
When they had refreshed themselves, Jesus took the twelve apart for a season to pray with them and to instruct them in the nature and work of the Holy Spirit, but again did they largely fail to comprehend the meaning of those wonderful truths which he endeavored to teach them. One would grasp one point and one would comprehend another, but none of them could encompass the whole of his teaching. Always would they make the mistake of trying to fit Jesus’ new gospel into their old forms of religious belief. They could not grasp the idea that Jesus had come to proclaim a new gospel of salvation and to establish a new way of finding God; they did not perceive that he was a new revelation of the Father in heaven.
138:5.3 (1542.4)
The next day Jesus left his twelve apostles quite alone; he wanted them to become acquainted and desired that they be alone to talk over what he had taught them. The Master returned for the evening meal, and during the after-supper hours he talked to them about the ministry of seraphim, and some of the apostles comprehended his teaching. They rested for a night and the next day departed by boat for Capernaum.
세베대와 살로메는 아들 다윗과 같이 살려고 떠났으므로, 큰 집을 예수와 열두 사도에게 넘겨줄 수 있었다. 예수께서는, 선택된 전도자들과 함께 조용한 안식일을 여기서 보냈으며;천국을 선포하기 위한 계획을 신중히 요약해서 말했고, 정부 당국과 어떤 충돌이든지 피하는 것이 중요하다는 것을 충분히 설명하면서 말씀했다:“집권자들을 비난해야한다면, 그 과제는 나에게 맡겨라. 너희는 가이사나 그 신하들에 대해 어떤 비난도 하지 말라.” 가룟 유다가 예수를 한쪽으로 불러내서, 왜 요한을 감옥에서 구해내지 않느냐고 물은 것은 바로 이날 저녁이었다. 그리고 유다는 예수의 태도에 전적으로 만족하지는 못했다.
138:5.4 (1542.5)
Zebedee and Salome had gone to live with their son David so that their large home could be turned over to Jesus and his twelve apostles. Here Jesus spent a quiet Sabbath with his chosen messengers; he carefully outlined the plans for proclaiming the kingdom and fully explained the importance of avoiding any clash with the civil authorities, saying: “If the civil rulers are to be rebuked, leave that task to me. See that you make no denunciations of Caesar or his servants.” It was this same evening that Judas Iscariot took Jesus aside to inquire why nothing was done to get John out of prison. And Judas was not wholly satisfied with Jesus’ attitude.
138:6.1 (1542.6)
The next week was devoted to a program of intense training. Each day the six new apostles were put in the hands of their respective nominators for a thoroughgoing review of all they had learned and experienced in preparation for the work of the kingdom. The older apostles carefully reviewed, for the benefit of the younger six, Jesus’ teachings up to that hour. Evenings they all assembled in Zebedee’s garden to receive Jesus’ instruction.
바로 이때, 예수께서는 휴식과 기분 전환을 위하여 주중 하루를 휴일로 정했다. 그리고 그들은, 그가 물질 생애의 여생을 보내는 동안 내내, 매주 하루 쉬는 이 계획을 꾸준히 지켰다. 수요일에는 대개 정규 활동을 하지 않았다. 매주 이런 휴일이 되면, 예수께서는 보통 그들에게서 떠나면서 말씀했다:“얘들아, 가서 하루를 즐겨라. 천국의 힘든 일에서 벗어나 휴식을 취하고, 너희가 전에 하던 일을 하든지, 아니면 새로운 종류의 오락 활동을 찾아서 심신의 상쾌함을 즐기도록 해라.” 이 세상 생애의 이 기간에, 이런 하루의 휴식이 예수께 실질적으로 꼭 필요하지는 않았지만, 인간 동역자들을 위해서는 그것이 최선임을 알고 있었으므로 이 계획을 채택했다. 예수는 교사였으며--곧 주님이었으며;동역자들은 그의 학생이었다--제자였다.
138:6.2 (1542.7)
It was at this time that Jesus established the mid-week holiday for rest and recreation. And they pursued this plan of relaxation for one day each week throughout the remainder of his material life. As a general rule, they never prosecuted their regular activities on Wednesday. On this weekly holiday Jesus would usually take himself away from them, saying: “My children, go for a day of play. Rest yourselves from the arduous labors of the kingdom and enjoy the refreshment that comes from reverting to your former vocations or from discovering new sorts of recreational activity.” While Jesus, at this period of his earth life, did not actually require this day of rest, he conformed to this plan because he knew it was best for his human associates. Jesus was the teacher—the Master; his associates were his pupils—disciples.
예수께서는 그들 가운데 함께 살면서 가르친 것과, 후에 생길 수 있는 자신에 관한 교훈 사이의 차이점을, 사도들에게 분명히 알리려고 애썼다. 예수께서 말씀했다:“내 나라와 이에 관련된 복음이, 너희가 전하는 메시지의 요지가 돼야한다. 나에 관해서 또는 내 교훈에 관해서 전도함으로써, 잘못된 옆길로 빠지지 않도록 유의하라. 천국 복음을 선포하고, 하늘에 계신 내 아버지에 대해 내가 계시한 것을 보여줘야 하겠지만, 내 믿음과 교훈에 관한 믿음과 교훈에 관련되도록 전설을 만들거나 어떤 종파를 만드는, 잘못된 옆길로 빠지지 않도록 해라.” 그러나 그들은 이번에도 그가 왜 그렇게 말하는지 이해하지 못했고, 왜 그렇게 가르치는지 감히 묻는 자도 없었다.
138:6.3 (1543.1)
Jesus endeavored to make clear to his apostles the difference between his teachings and his life among them and the teachings which might subsequently spring up about him. Said Jesus: “My kingdom and the gospel related thereto shall be the burden of your message. Be not sidetracked into preaching about me and about my teachings. Proclaim the gospel of the kingdom and portray my revelation of the Father in heaven but do not be misled into the bypaths of creating legends and building up a cult having to do with beliefs and teachings about my beliefs and teachings.” But again they did not understand why he thus spoke, and no man dared to ask why he so taught them.
하늘에 계신 아버지에 대한 잘못된 개념들이 내포돼있지 않는 한, 예수께서는 이런 초기의 가르침에서 사도들과 논쟁하는 것을 최대한 피하려고 애썼다. 그런 모든 문제에서, 그는 잘못된 믿음을 바로잡기에 결코 주저하지 않았다. 유란시아에서 세례 받은 이후에 예수의 생애에는 단 한 가지 동기밖에 없었는데, 그것은 낙원 아버지를 더 낫게 드러내고 더 진실하게 드러내는 것이었으며;그는 하나님께로 가는 새롭고 더 나은 길 곧 신앙과 사랑의 길을 개척하는 자였다. 사도들에게 준 그의 충고는 늘:“가서 죄인을 찾으며;낙심한 자를 발견하고 걱정하는 자를 위로하라”는 것이었다.
138:6.4 (1543.2)
In these early teachings Jesus sought to avoid controversies with his apostles as far as possible excepting those involving wrong concepts of his Father in heaven. In all such matters he never hesitated to correct erroneous beliefs. There was just one motive in Jesus’ postbaptismal life on Urantia, and that was a better and truer revelation of his Paradise Father; he was the pioneer of the new and better way to God, the way of faith and love. Ever his exhortation to the apostles was: “Go seek for the sinners; find the downhearted and comfort the anxious.”
138:6.5 (1543.3)
Jesus had a perfect grasp of the situation; he possessed unlimited power, which might have been utilized in the furtherance of his mission, but he was wholly content with means and personalities which most people would have regarded as inadequate and would have looked upon as insignificant. He was engaged in a mission of enormous dramatic possibilities, but he insisted on going about his Father’s business in the most quiet and undramatic manner; he studiously avoided all display of power. And he now planned to work quietly, at least for several months, with his twelve apostles around about the Sea of Galilee.
예수께서는 다섯 달 동안 개인적으로 일하는 조용한 전도 운동을 하려고 계획했었다. 이것이 얼마나 오래 지속될지 사도들에게 말씀하지 않았으며;그들은 일주일 단위로 일했다. 그리고 그 주간의 첫 날 아침 일찍, 열두 사도에게 이 계획을 막 발표하려고 할 때, 시몬 베드로와 야고보 세베대와 가룟 유다가 예수께 와서 개인 면담을 청했다. 예수를 한쪽으로 모시고 가서 베드로가 대담하게 말했다:“주님, 천국으로 들어갈 시기가 이제 무르익은 것인지 아닌지 여쭤보라고, 다른 동역자들이 요청해서 우리가 왔습니다. 당신께서는 천국을 가버나움에서 선포하시렵니까? 아니면 우리 모두 예루살렘으로 옮겨갈 것입니까? 그리고 천국 설립에서 당신과 함께 저희 각자 맡게 될 직위에 대해서는, 언제쯤 알게 될 것인지--.” 베드로가 질문을 계속하려고 했지만, 예수께서 꾸짖듯이 손을 들어서 그의 말을 중단시켰다. 그리고 예수께서 근처에 서있는 다른 사도들도 모이도록 손짓하면서 말씀했다:“어린 자녀들아, 내가 얼마나 더 오래 너희를 참아야하겠느냐! 내 나라는 이 세상에 속한 것이 아니라고 너희에게 명백히 말하지 않았느냐? 내가 다윗의 권좌에 앉으러 온 것이 아니라고 너희에게 여러 번 말했는데, 어찌하여 너희가 지금 아버지 나라에서 차지할 각자의 직위를 묻느냐? 너희를 영적인 나라의 대사로 불렀음을 깨닫지 못하겠느냐? 내가 지금 하늘에 계신 아버지를 대신하는 것처럼, 너희도 곧, 아주 가까운 날에, 이 세상에서 천국을 선포하는 일에 나를 대신하게 될 것임을 알지 못하겠느냐? 너희를 택하여 천국 사자가 되도록 가르쳤는데, 사람의 마음 속에서 신이 높임을 받는, 다가오는 이 나라의 본성과 중요성을 아직도 납득하지 못하느냐? 친구들아, 다시 한 번 내 말을 들어라. 내 나라가 권력으로 통치되거나 영광으로 지배된다는 관념을 너희 마음에서 지워 버려라. 진실로, 하늘과 땅의 모든 권세가 조만간 내 손에 쥐어지겠지만, 이 신성한 재능을, 이 시대에 우리 자신의 영광을 위하여 쓰는 것은 아버지 뜻이 아니다. 다른 시대에는 너희가 진실로 권세와 영광 속에 나와 함께 앉겠지만, 지금은 우리가 아버지 뜻에 따라 겸손한 복종으로 이 땅에서 그의 명령을 실행하는 것이 마땅하다.”
138:7.1 (1543.4)
Jesus had planned for a quiet missionary campaign of five months’ personal work. He did not tell the apostles how long this was to last; they worked from week to week. And early on this first day of the week, just as he was about to announce this to his twelve apostles, Simon Peter, James Zebedee, and Judas Iscariot came to have private converse with him. Taking Jesus aside, Peter made bold to say: “Master, we come at the behest of our associates to inquire whether the time is not now ripe to enter into the kingdom. And will you proclaim the kingdom at Capernaum, or are we to move on to Jerusalem? And when shall we learn, each of us, the positions we are to occupy with you in the establishment of the kingdom—” and Peter would have gone on asking further questions, but Jesus raised an admonitory hand and stopped him. And beckoning the other apostles standing near by to join them, Jesus said: “My little children, how long shall I bear with you! Have I not made it plain to you that my kingdom is not of this world? I have told you many times that I have not come to sit on David’s throne, and now how is it that you are inquiring which place each of you will occupy in the Father’s kingdom? Can you not perceive that I have called you as ambassadors of a spiritual kingdom? Do you not understand that soon, very soon, you are to represent me in the world and in the proclamation of the kingdom, even as I now represent my Father who is in heaven? Can it be that I have chosen you and instructed you as messengers of the kingdom, and yet you do not comprehend the nature and significance of this coming kingdom of divine pre-eminence in the hearts of men? My friends, hear me once more. Banish from your minds this idea that my kingdom is a rule of power or a reign of glory. Indeed, all power in heaven and on earth will presently be given into my hands, but it is not the Father’s will that we use this divine endowment to glorify ourselves during this age. In another age you shall indeed sit with me in power and glory, but it behooves us now to submit to the will of the Father and to go forth in humble obedience to execute his bidding on earth.”
138:7.2 (1544.1)
Once more were his associates shocked, stunned. Jesus sent them away two and two to pray, asking them to return to him at noontime. On this crucial forenoon they each sought to find God, and each endeavored to cheer and strengthen the other, and they returned to Jesus as he had bidden them.
예수께서는 이제, 세례 요한의 도래, 요단강에서의 세례, 가나에서 있었던 혼인 잔치, 최근에 여섯 사도를 뽑은 일, 그리고 친형제들을 제외시킨 점에 대해 그들에게 자세히 이야기하면서, 천국을 적대시하는 자들이 그들 역시 떼어내려고 애쓸 것이라고 경고했다. 짧지만 진지한 이 말씀을 듣고, 사도들은 모두 일어나 베드로를 선두로 해서 주님께 변치 않고 헌신하기로 선언했으며, 도마가 이것을 “다가오는 이 나라가 무엇이든지, 그리고 내가 그것을 충분히 이해하지 못하더라도”라고 표현하면서, 흔들림 없이 천국에 충성할 것을 맹세했다. 예수의 가르침을 충분히 납득하지는 못했어도, 모두가 진심으로 예수를 믿었다.
138:7.3 (1544.2)
Jesus now recounted for them the coming of John, the baptism in the Jordan, the marriage feast at Cana, the recent choosing of the six, and the withdrawal from them of his own brothers in the flesh, and warned them that the enemy of the kingdom would seek also to draw them away. After this short but earnest talk the apostles all arose, under Peter’s leadership, to declare their undying devotion to their Master and to pledge their unswerving loyalty to the kingdom, as Thomas expressed it, “To this coming kingdom, no matter what it is and even if I do not fully understand it.” They all truly believed in Jesus, even though they did not fully comprehend his teaching.
이때 예수께서는 그들에게 돈이 얼마나 있는지 물어봤으며;그들의 가족을 위하여 무슨 생활 대책이 마련돼있는지에 대해서도 물어봤다. 두 주간 겨우 지탱할 만큼의 기금밖에 없음을 알자, 이렇게 말씀했다:“우리가 이런 식으로 일을 시작하는 것은 내 아버지의 뜻이 아니다. 여기 바닷가에서 2주 머물면서, 고기를 잡거나 아니면 우리 손으로 할 수 있는 무슨 일이든지 할 것이며;너희는 그동안, 처음 선택된 사도인 안드레의 지도 아래, 너희가 앞으로 일하기에 필요한 모든 것을 위하여, 즉 현재의 개인 사역은 물론, 내가 나중에 복음을 전파하고 신자{信者}들을 가르치도록 너희를 임명할 때를 위하여 대비할 수 있도록, 너희 스스로 조직을 갖춰라.” 이 말씀을 듣고 모두 사기가 충천했으며;이것은 그들에게, 예수께서 차후에 좀 더 적극적이고 야심적인 대중 운동을 하려고 계획한다는 확실하고 긍정적인 첫 암시였다.
138:7.4 (1544.3)
Jesus now asked them how much money they had among them; he also inquired as to what provision had been made for their families. When it developed that they had hardly sufficient funds to maintain themselves for two weeks, he said: “It is not the will of my Father that we begin our work in this way. We will remain here by the sea two weeks and fish or do whatever our hands find to do; and in the meantime, under the guidance of Andrew, the first chosen apostle, you shall so organize yourselves as to provide for everything needful in your future work, both for the present personal ministry and also when I shall subsequently ordain you to preach the gospel and instruct believers.” They were all greatly cheered by these words; this was their first clear-cut and positive intimation that Jesus designed later on to enter upon more aggressive and pretentious public efforts.
138:7.5 (1544.4)
The apostles spent the remainder of the day perfecting their organization and completing arrangements for boats and nets for embarking on the morrow’s fishing as they had all decided to devote themselves to fishing; most of them had been fishermen, even Jesus was an experienced boatman and fisherman. Many of the boats which they used the next few years had been built by Jesus’ own hands. And they were good and trustworthy boats.
예수께서는 2주 동안 고기잡이에 전념하라고 명하면서 덧붙여 말씀했다:“이다음에는 너희가 사람 낚는 어부가 되려고 나아갈 것이다.” 그들은 세 무리로 나뉘어 고기를 잡았고, 예수께서는 매일 밤 각각 다른 무리와 함께 나갔다. 그리고 그들은 모두 예수와 함께 하기를 얼마나 즐겼는지! 그는 훌륭한 어부요 명랑한 동무요 영감 주는 친구였으며;그들은 그와 함께 일하면 할수록, 그를 더 깊이 사랑하게 됐다. 어느 날 마태가 말했다:“어떤 사람들을 더 깊이 알아갈수록 덜 존경하게 되는데, 이 사람은 내가 그를 점점 더 납득하지 못하겠음에도, 더 사랑하게 된다.”
138:7.6 (1544.5)
Jesus enjoined them to devote themselves to fishing for two weeks, adding, “And then will you go forth to become fishers of men.” They fished in three groups, Jesus going out with a different group each night. And they all so much enjoyed Jesus! He was a good fisherman, a cheerful companion, and an inspiring friend; the more they worked with him, the more they loved him. Said Matthew one day: “The more you understand some people, the less you admire them, but of this man, even the less I comprehend him, the more I love him.”
138:7.7 (1545.1)
This plan of fishing two weeks and going out to do personal work in behalf of the kingdom for two weeks was followed for more than five months, even to the end of this year of a.d. 26, until after the cessation of those special persecutions which had been directed against John’s disciples subsequent to his imprisonment.
2주 동안 잡은 물고기를 처분한 후에, 열두 사도의 회계로 활동하도록 뽑힌 가룟 유다가 사도 기금을 여섯으로 똑같이 나눴는데, 부양가족을 돌볼 기금은 이미 그들에게 제공되고 있었다. 그리고 나서 서기 26년 8월 중순 무렵에, 그들은 안드레가 각자에게 할당한 일터로 둘씩 짝지어 나갔다. 예수께서는, 첫 두 주는 안드레와 베드로와 함께, 둘째 두 주는 야고보와 요한과 함께, 그리고 다른 사도들도 그들이 선택한 순서에 따라서 두 사람씩 함께 나갔다. 공적 직무를 시작하려고 그들을 모두 한자리에 불러 모으기 전에, 예수께서는 이렇게 해서 각 쌍과 함께 적어도 한 번씩 나갈 수 있었다.
138:8.1 (1545.2)
After disposing of the fish catches of two weeks, Judas Iscariot, the one chosen to act as treasurer of the twelve, divided the apostolic funds into six equal portions, funds for the care of dependent families having been already provided. And then near the middle of August, in the year a.d. 26, they went forth two and two to the fields of work assigned by Andrew. The first two weeks Jesus went out with Andrew and Peter, the second two weeks with James and John, and so on with the other couples in the order of their choosing. In this way he was able to go out at least once with each couple before he called them together for the beginning of their public ministry.
138:8.7 (1545.8)
The common people marveled at the teaching and ministry of Jesus and his apostles. The rabbis had long taught the Jews that the ignorant could not be pious or righteous. But Jesus’ apostles were both pious and righteous; yet they were cheerfully ignorant of much of the learning of the rabbis and the wisdom of the world.
유대인이 가르쳤던 바와 같은 소위 선행으로 회개함과, 천국에 들어가기 위한 값으로 요구하는 신앙으로 말미암은 마음의 변화--곧 새로 태어남--의 차이점을, 예수께서 사도들에게 분명하게 말했다. 예수께서는 아버지 나라에 들어가기 위한 유일한 요구 사항이 신앙임을 사도들에게 가르쳤다. 세례 요한은 저희에게, “회개하라--즉 다가오는 진노를 피해 달아나라”고 가르쳤었다. 예수께서는, “신앙은 하나님의, 현존하고 완전하고 영원한 사랑으로 들어가도록 열려있는 문”이라고 가르쳤다. 예수께서는, 하나님의 말씀을 선포하러 오는 선지자처럼 말씀하지 않았다. 마치 권세를 가진 자로서 직접 말씀하는 것처럼 보였다. 예수께서는, 그들이 기적을 추구하기보다, 사랑과 구원하는 은총을 베푸시는 하나님의 영이 내주하심에 만족하고 이를 확신하는 실제적이고 개인적인 체험을 획득하도록, 그들의 마음을 바꾸려고 애썼다.
138:8.8 (1545.9)
Jesus made plain to his apostles the difference between the repentance of so-called good works as taught by the Jews and the change of mind by faith—the new birth—which he required as the price of admission to the kingdom. He taught his apostles that faith was the only requisite to entering the Father’s kingdom. John had taught them “repentance—to flee from the wrath to come.” Jesus taught, “Faith is the open door for entering into the present, perfect, and eternal love of God.” Jesus did not speak like a prophet, one who comes to declare the word of God. He seemed to speak of himself as one having authority. Jesus sought to divert their minds from miracle seeking to the finding of a real and personal experience in the satisfaction and assurance of the indwelling of God’s spirit of love and saving grace.
만나는 모든 인간마다 주님께서 심오한 존경과 동정심을 갖고 대하신다는 것을, 제자들은 일찍부터 배웠으며, 온갖 종류의 남녀와 아이들에게 쏟는 이런 한결같고 변함없는 예수의 배려에, 엄청나게 감명 받았다. 진지한 토론 중에 있더라도, 육체와 혼의 짐을 지고 지나가는 한 여자의 마음을 위로하기 위해서라면, 그는 언제든지 그것을 중단하고 길거리로 나갈 것이다. 사도들과 심각하게 논의하던 중이라도, 훼방하는 한 아이와 친해지려고 이를 중단하곤 했다. 예수께는 우연히 자기 눈앞에 있게 된 한 개인보다 더 소중한 것은 아무 것도 없는 듯했다. 그는 선생님이자 교사였으나, 그 이상이었다--또한 친구이자 이웃이었고, 이해심 많은 동무였다.
138:8.9 (1545.10)
The disciples early learned that the Master had a profound respect and sympathetic regard for every human being he met, and they were tremendously impressed by this uniform and unvarying consideration which he so consistently gave to all sorts of men, women, and children. He would pause in the midst of a profound discourse that he might go out in the road to speak good cheer to a passing woman laden with her burden of body and soul. He would interrupt a serious conference with his apostles to fraternize with an intruding child. Nothing ever seemed so important to Jesus as the individual human who chanced to be in his immediate presence. He was master and teacher, but he was more—he was also a friend and neighbor, an understanding comrade.
고기잡이와 개인 업무를 번갈아하던 이런 단조로운 기간이, 열두 사도를 기진맥진하게 만드는 체험이 될 수도 있었지만, 그들은 그 시험을 견뎠다. 불평과 의심과 일시적 불만족을 간직한 채, 여전히 주님에 대한 헌신과 충성의 맹세를 지켰다. 이런 시험 기간에 예수와 함께 지낸 개인적 교제는, 재판과 십자가형이 있던 암울한 기간 중에도, (가룟 유다를 제외한) 그들 모두로 하여금 예수께 충성하고 진실할 수 있게 만들었다. 진실한 사람이라면, 예수처럼 그토록 저희와 친하게 지내고 헌신했던 존경받는 선생님을, 실제로 저버릴 수 없었을 것이다. 주님이 죽음을 맞이하는 어두운 시간을 보내는 동안, 이 사도들의 마음 속에서는 오로지 하나의 특별한 인간 감정--곧 우정과-충성이라는 최상의 감상{感想}--이 힘을 발휘함으로써, 모든 이성과 판단과 논리는 무시됐다. 예수와 함께 했던 이 다섯 달은, 사도 각자에게, 예수를 온 세상에서 자신의 가장 친한 친구로 여기도록 만들었다. 그리고 예수의 훌륭한 교훈이나 경이로운 행동이 아니라, 바로 이런 인간적 감상이, 부활이 있은 후 천국 복음을 다시 선포하게 될 때까지 그들을 함께 묶어뒀다.
138:9.1 (1546.3)
This somewhat monotonous period of alternate fishing and personal work proved to be a grueling experience for the twelve apostles, but they endured the test. With all of their grumblings, doubts, and transient dissatisfactions they remained true to their vows of devotion and loyalty to the Master. It was their personal association with Jesus during these months of testing that so endeared him to them that they all (save Judas Iscariot) remained loyal and true to him even in the dark hours of the trial and crucifixion. Real men simply could not actually desert a revered teacher who had lived so close to them and had been so devoted to them as had Jesus. Through the dark hours of the Master’s death, in the hearts of these apostles all reason, judgment, and logic were set aside in deference to just one extraordinary human emotion—the supreme sentiment of friendship-loyalty. These five months of work with Jesus led these apostles, each one of them, to regard him as the best friend he had in all the world. And it was this human sentiment, and not his superb teachings or marvelous doings, that held them together until after the resurrection and the renewal of the proclamation of the gospel of the kingdom.
조용히 활동한 이 여러 달이 사도들에게는 큰 시험이었고, 그들은 이 시험을 극복했으나, 대중 활동이 없는 이 기간은 예수의 가족에게도 큰 시련이었다. 예수께서 대중 활동을 개시할 준비를 마칠 때까지도, (룻을 제외한) 온 가족이 실질적으로 그를 배척했다. 겨우 몇 번 기회가 왔을 때, 그들은 나중에 그와 연락하려했고, 그것도 함께 집으로 돌아가자고 그를 설득하려는 것이었는데, 예수가 정신이 나갔다고 거의 믿을 정도였기 때문이다. 그들은 다만 그의 사상을 헤아릴 수 없었고, 그의 가르침도 파악할 수 없었으며;살과 피를 나눈 가족에게는, 이 모든 일이 받아들이기에 너무 벅찼다.
138:9.2 (1546.4)
Not only were these months of quiet work a great test to the apostles, a test which they survived, but this season of public inactivity was a great trial to Jesus’ family. By the time Jesus was prepared to launch forth on his public work, his entire family (except Ruth) had practically deserted him. On only a few occasions did they attempt to make subsequent contact with him, and then it was to persuade him to return home with them, for they came near to believing that he was beside himself. They simply could not fathom his philosophy nor grasp his teaching; it was all too much for those of his own flesh and blood.
사도들은, 가버나움, 벳새다-쥴리아, 고라신, 거라사, 힙보, 막달라, 가나, 갈릴리의 베들레헴, 요타파타, 라마, 사페드, 기스카라, 가다라, 및 아빌라 등지에서 개인을 상대로 업무를 계속 수행했다. 이런 도시들 외에도, 시골과 여러 마을에서 일했다. 이 기간이 끝날 때까지, 열두 사도는 각자의 가족을 부양하는 상당히 충분한 방책을 강구할 정도로 일했다. 대부분의 사도는 결혼했고 더러는 자녀도 있었지만, 집안 식구들을 부양하도록 이미 마련해 놓았으므로, 사도들의 기금에서 약간의 어떤 도움을 받아서, 가족의 재정적 복지를 걱정하지 않고 주님의 일에 모든 에너지를 쏟을 수 있었다.
138:9.3 (1546.5)
The apostles carried on their personal work in Capernaum, Bethsaida-Julias, Chorazin, Gerasa, Hippos, Magdala, Cana, Bethlehem of Galilee, Jotapata, Ramah, Safed, Gischala, Gadara, and Abila. Besides these towns they labored in many villages as well as in the countryside. By the end of this period the twelve had worked out fairly satisfactory plans for the care of their respective families. Most of the apostles were married, some had several children, but they had made such arrangements for the support of their home folks that, with some little assistance from the apostolic funds, they could devote their entire energies to the Master’s work without having to worry about the financial welfare of their families.
138:10.6 (1547.6)
5. Matthew was the fiscal agent of the apostolic corps. It was his duty to see that the budget was balanced, the treasury replenished. If the funds for mutual support were not forthcoming, if donations sufficient to maintain the party were not received, Matthew was empowered to order the twelve back to their nets for a season. But this was never necessary after they began their public work; he always had sufficient funds in the treasurer’s hands to finance their activities.
138:10.11 (1547.11)
In this way the twelve functioned from their early organization up to the time of the reorganization made necessary by the desertion of Judas, the betrayer. The Master and his disciple-apostles went on in this simple manner until Sunday, January 12, a.d. 27, when he called them together and formally ordained them as ambassadors of the kingdom and preachers of its glad tidings. And soon thereafter they prepared to start for Jerusalem and Judea on their first public preaching tour.